Gender and Sex

What Is Sex?

- Sex is about your body

- It refers to the biological differences between people:

  - Male (usually born with a penis, XY chromosomes)

  - Female (usually born with a vagina, XX chromosomes)

  - Interse  (born with a mix of male and female physical traits)

Doctors usually assign a person’s sex at birth based on their physical body.

What Is Gender?

- Gender is about how you feel inside  and how you identify yourself.

- It's shaped by culture, society, and personal experience.

  - You might feel like a boy, a girl, both, neither, or something else.

  - Some people feel their gender matches their sex at birth (called cisgender).

  - Others feel different from the sex they were assigned (called transgender, non-binary, etc.).

1. SEX: Biological and Physical Traits

Sex is usually assigned at birth based on a person's physical anatomy and chromosomes. It's considered biological.

➤ Common Categories:

- Male: Typically XY chromosomes, testes, more testosterone

- Female: Typically XX chromosomes, ovaries, more estrogen

- Intersex: A natural variation where someone may have a mix of male and female anatomy or chromosomes (e.g., XXY, ambiguous genitalia)

> Key point:

 Sex is about your body — but not all bodies fit perfectly into "male" or "female."

2. GENDER: Identity and Social Roles

Gender is more about how people feel, express, and identify themselves. It's shaped by culture, history, and personal experience, not just biology.

➤ Gender Identity:

How someone feels inside — it could be:

- Man

- Woman

- Non-binary (not strictly male or female)

- Genderfluid, Agender, etc.

➤ Gender Expression:

How someone shows their gender to the world — through:

- Clothing

- Voice

- Hair

- Behavior

- Name or pronouns

> Key point: Gender isn’t always visible, and it doesn’t always match someone’s sex assigned at birth.

Thank you ...